● 堅(jiān) （堅(jiān)） jiān ?ㄐㄧㄢˉ ◎ 牢固，結(jié)實(shí)，硬：堅(jiān)固。堅(jiān)實(shí)。堅(jiān)如磐石。 ◎ 不動(dòng)搖，不改變：堅(jiān)決。堅(jiān)信。 ◎ 牢固、結(jié)實(shí)的東西或陣地：中堅(jiān)。攻堅(jiān)。披堅(jiān)執(zhí)銳。 ◎ 姓。

英文翻譯

◎ 堅(jiān) firmly　　　fortification　　　hard　　　resolutely　　　solid　　　strong

詳細(xì)字義◎ 堅(jiān) 堅(jiān) jiān? 〈形〉 (1) (會(huì)意。從臤( qiān),從土?！芭O”,金文象以手拉“臣”(屈服的奴隸)。從“土”,表示土質(zhì)堅(jiān)硬。本義:泥土堅(jiān)硬) (2) 同本義。泛指堅(jiān)硬;結(jié)實(shí) [hard;solid;firm] 堅(jiān),剛也?！墩f文》 堅(jiān),堅(jiān)土也?！稄V雅》 四為壤五,為堅(jiān)三?！毒耪滤阈g(shù)·穿地》 鎧甲不堅(jiān)?！俄n非子·五蠹》 劍堅(jiān),故不可立拔。(劍堅(jiān),劍插得緊。)——《戰(zhàn)國策·燕策》 非不堅(jiān)利?！睹献印す珜O丑下》 披堅(jiān)執(zhí)銳?！妒酚洝り惿媸兰摇? 火燒令堅(jiān)。——宋· 沈括《夢(mèng)溪筆談·活板》 硯冰堅(jiān)?！鳌?宋濂《送東陽馬生序》 (3) 又如:堅(jiān)瓠(堅(jiān)厚而實(shí)心的葫蘆。不可剖以盛物,因喻無用的東西);堅(jiān)冰(多以喻積過成禍,困難重重);堅(jiān)頑(極其堅(jiān)硬);堅(jiān)確(堅(jiān)硬);堅(jiān)滑(堅(jiān)硬滑溜);堅(jiān)潤(rùn)(堅(jiān)硬而潤(rùn)澤) (4) 牢固,堅(jiān)固,強(qiáng)固有力而不易摧毀 [firm;solid;secure] 堅(jiān),強(qiáng)也?！稄V雅》 堅(jiān)窮廉直?！秴问洗呵铩彿帧? 譽(yù)其盾之堅(jiān),物莫能陷也?！俄n非子·難勢(shì)》 堅(jiān)閉門而不出?！肚f子·天運(yùn)》 (5) 又如:堅(jiān)巧(牢固而精巧);堅(jiān)城(堅(jiān)固不易攻破的城池);堅(jiān)勚(結(jié)實(shí));堅(jiān)壁(堅(jiān)固的墻壁或營壘;堅(jiān)守壁壘) (6) [植物的種子]飽滿 [full] 其谷不堅(jiān)?！秴问洗呵铩べF信》 (7) 又如:堅(jiān)成(結(jié)實(shí);成熟) (8) 堅(jiān)定;意志、主張不動(dòng)搖 [firm;staunch;steadfast] 窮且益堅(jiān),不墜青云之志?！醪峨蹰w序》 (9) 又如:堅(jiān)凝(堅(jiān)定;堅(jiān)強(qiáng);緊湊簡(jiǎn)練);堅(jiān)確(心志堅(jiān)定;土質(zhì)堅(jiān)固);堅(jiān)勁(強(qiáng)而有力;意志堅(jiān)強(qiáng)不變);堅(jiān)心(堅(jiān)定的心志) (10) 牢靠,穩(wěn)定 [stable] 堅(jiān)致為上。——《淮南子·時(shí)則》。注:“功,牢也?！? (11) 又如:堅(jiān)心(一心);堅(jiān)附(安定,牢固附著);堅(jiān)臥(按兵不動(dòng)) (12) 固執(zhí) [stubborn] 二曰行辟而堅(jiān)?！盾髯印ゅ蹲? 小敵之堅(jiān)。(堅(jiān),硬拼。)——《孫子·謀攻》 (13) 又如:堅(jiān)意(執(zhí)意,決心);堅(jiān)臥(堅(jiān)不出仕,隱居);堅(jiān)秉(堅(jiān)持);堅(jiān)僻(固執(zhí)怪僻)詞性變化 ◎ 堅(jiān) 堅(jiān) jiān? 〈名〉 (1) 堅(jiān)固的東西 [firm article] 披堅(jiān)執(zhí)銳?！妒酚洝り惿媸兰摇? (2) 要塞,堡壘 [stronghold]。如:攻堅(jiān) ◎ 堅(jiān) 堅(jiān) jiān? 〈動(dòng)〉 加固,使堅(jiān)固 [solidify]。如:堅(jiān)精(固精壯陽);堅(jiān)白(堅(jiān)守貞節(jié));堅(jiān)營(加固營壘) ◎ 堅(jiān) 堅(jiān) jiān? 〈副〉 堅(jiān)持;固執(zhí) [insistently]。如:堅(jiān)臥煙霞(隱居的意思);堅(jiān)稱

[①]［jiān］［《廣韻》古賢切，平先，見。］“堅(jiān)1”的繁體字。亦作“鋻2”。(1)硬。(2)牢固。(3)引申為團(tuán)結(jié)。(4)謂牢固堅(jiān)硬之物。(5)充實(shí)。(6)強(qiáng)勁；堅(jiān)強(qiáng)。(7)安定，穩(wěn)定。(8)堅(jiān)決，不改變。(9)姓?！妒酚洝た崂袅袀鳌酚袌?jiān)盧。

音韻參考

[上古音]：真部見母,kyen[平水韻]：下平一先[國　語]：jiān[粵　語]：gin1[閩南語]：kian1